功利主义的意思、翻譯和例句

是什麼意思

「功利主義」是一種倫理學理論，主張行為的道德價值取決於其結果，尤其是對於最大化幸福或利益的貢獻。這種理論通常認為，行為的正當性取決於它所產生的後果，尤其是對於多數人的好處。功利主義的核心理念是追求最大化的效用或幸福，並且通常將其與個人的權利和義務相對立。

依照不同程度的英文解釋

  1. A way to decide if something is good based on how many people it helps.
  2. A belief that actions are good if they make many people happy.
  3. A principle that says the best action is the one that creates the most good.
  4. A theory that evaluates actions based on their outcomes and benefits to the majority.
  5. An ethical approach that focuses on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing suffering.
  6. A philosophical viewpoint that judges the morality of actions by their consequences, particularly in promoting the greatest good for the greatest number.
  7. A consequentialist theory that prioritizes actions leading to the most favorable results for society.
  8. An ethical framework that assesses the rightness of actions based on their ability to produce beneficial outcomes.
  9. A normative theory that defines the moral worth of actions by their effectiveness in generating utility or happiness.
  10. A moral philosophy that evaluates the ethical implications of actions based on their contributions to overall well-being.

相關英文單字或片語的差別與用法

1：Utilitarianism

用法：

這是功利主義的正式名稱，強調行為的道德價值在於其能夠促進最大的幸福。這種理論常用於經濟學、政治學和倫理學中，並且在許多社會政策的制定中發揮了重要作用。

例句及翻譯：

例句 1：

功利主義者認為，最好的政策是那些能夠促進社會整體幸福的政策。

Utilitarians believe that the best policies are those that promote overall happiness in society.

例句 2：

在這個問題上，功利主義提供了一種明確的決策框架。

In this issue, utilitarianism provides a clear decision-making framework.

例句 3：

許多經濟學家依賴功利主義來評估政策的影響。

Many economists rely on utilitarianism to assess the impact of policies.

2：Consequentialism

用法：

這是一種更廣泛的倫理學理論，功利主義是一種特定形式的結果主義。結果主義強調行為的道德價值取決於其結果，而不僅僅是行為本身的性質。這種理論在倫理學中廣泛應用，並且提供了一種評估行為後果的方式。

例句及翻譯：

例句 1：

結果主義者會分析行為的後果來判斷其道德性。

Consequentialists analyze the outcomes of actions to determine their morality.

例句 2：

這種倫理觀點與傳統的義務論形成了鮮明的對比。

This ethical viewpoint stands in stark contrast to traditional deontological theories.

例句 3：

許多現代倫理學家採取結果主義的立場來處理道德問題。

Many contemporary ethicists adopt a consequentialist stance to address moral issues.

3：Pragmatism

用法：

雖然這個詞通常與實用主義有關，但在某些情況下也可以與功利主義相連。實用主義強調行動的實用性和效果，這與功利主義的核心思想相符，即行為的價值在於其結果。

例句及翻譯：

例句 1：

實用主義者通常會根據行動的結果來評估其價值。

Pragmatists often assess the value of actions based on their outcomes.

例句 2：

在商業決策中，實用主義和功利主義的原則常常相互交織。

In business decision-making, the principles of pragmatism and utilitarianism often intertwine.

例句 3：

這種思維方式促進了對於實際效果的重視。

This way of thinking promotes an emphasis on practical effects.

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