calque的意思、翻譯和例句

是什麼意思

「calque」這個詞在中文中通常翻譯為「直譯」或「翻譯借用」。它指的是將一個詞或短語的構成部分逐一翻譯,並組合成新的詞或短語。這種翻譯方法保留了原語言的結構和意義,但在目標語言中可能會顯得不自然或不常用。

依照不同程度的英文解釋

  1. A way to translate by using the same parts.
  2. Translating word by word.
  3. A direct translation of phrases.
  4. Translating by keeping the original structure.
  5. A method of translation that uses the original words.
  6. A linguistic process of translating by substituting elements.
  7. A technique where the components of a phrase are translated literally.
  8. A form of translation that mirrors the structure of the source language.
  9. A translation strategy that involves a literal rendering of components.
  10. A method of translation that maintains the original phrasing in a new language.

相關英文單字或片語的差別與用法

1:Loan translation

用法:

指將外語詞彙的構成部分逐一翻譯,並在目標語言中形成新的詞彙。這種方法通常用於借用外來詞時,讓目標語言的使用者能夠理解其原始意義。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

「超級市場」就是從英文「supermarket」的借譯。

'超級市場' is a loan translation from the English 'supermarket'.

例句 2:

這個詞是從法語借來的,經過直譯形成了新的詞。

This word was borrowed from French and formed a new term through calque.

例句 3:

許多科技術語都是透過借譯進入中文的。

Many technological terms have entered Chinese through loan translation.

2:Literal translation

用法:

強調逐字翻譯的過程,通常不考慮語境或語言的自然用法。這種翻譯方式可能導致不自然或難以理解的表達。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

這句話的字面翻譯聽起來很奇怪。

The literal translation of this sentence sounds very strange.

例句 2:

在翻譯中,字面翻譯有時會造成誤解。

In translation, literal translation can sometimes cause misunderstandings.

例句 3:

我們需要避免過度依賴字面翻譯。

We need to avoid relying too much on literal translation.

3:Word-for-word translation

用法:

指逐字逐句地翻譯,通常不考慮語言的流暢性或自然性。這種翻譯方式在某些情況下可能是有用的,但在其他情況下則可能導致不自然的表達。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

這種逐字翻譯讓整個句子變得難以理解。

This word-for-word translation makes the whole sentence hard to understand.

例句 2:

逐字翻譯在學術研究中有時是必要的。

Word-for-word translation is sometimes necessary in academic research.

例句 3:

他使用逐字翻譯的方法來解釋這篇文章。

He used the word-for-word translation method to explain the article.