p-value的意思、翻譯和例句

是什麼意思

p-value(P值)是在統計學中用來衡量觀察到的數據與虛無假設(null hypothesis)之間一致性的指標。它表示在虛無假設為真的情況下,觀察到的數據或更極端數據出現的機率。較小的 p-value 表示觀察到的數據與虛無假設之間的差異較大,通常用來判斷是否拒絕虛無假設。

依照不同程度的英文解釋

  1. A number that helps us understand if results are real.
  2. A way to see if something is likely to happen by chance.
  3. A measure that shows how strong the evidence is.
  4. A value used to determine the significance of results.
  5. A statistical measure that indicates the probability of observing results under a specific hypothesis.
  6. A metric that quantifies the strength of evidence against a null hypothesis.
  7. A statistical threshold used to assess the validity of research findings.
  8. A probability value that helps researchers decide whether to reject a hypothesis.
  9. A critical value in hypothesis testing that indicates the likelihood of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis is true.
  10. A statistical measure that helps determine the significance of experimental results.

相關英文單字或片語的差別與用法

1:P-value

用法:

在統計分析中,P值用來檢驗假設的有效性。它是從樣本數據計算得出的,通常用於科學研究和社會科學中。當 P值小於預先設定的顯著性水平(通常是 0.05)時,研究者會拒絕虛無假設,認為結果是顯著的。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

這個實驗的 P值為 0.03,表示結果是顯著的。

The p-value for this experiment is 0.03, indicating that the results are significant.

例句 2:

研究者在分析數據時發現 P值低於 0.01。

The researchers found that the p-value was below 0.01 during the data analysis.

例句 3:

如果 P值大於 0.05,則無法拒絕虛無假設。

If the p-value is greater than 0.05, we cannot reject the null hypothesis.

2:Probability value

用法:

這個術語與 P值相似,通常用來描述在統計分析中計算的機率。它幫助研究者評估結果的可靠性和顯著性。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

機率值顯示這個結果的隨機性非常低。

The probability value shows that the randomness of this result is very low.

例句 2:

在許多科學研究中,機率值是評估假設的重要指標。

In many scientific studies, the probability value is a crucial indicator for evaluating hypotheses.

例句 3:

我們需要檢查機率值以確保結果的準確性。

We need to check the probability value to ensure the accuracy of the results.

3:Statistical significance measure

用法:

這個術語強調 P值在統計學中的重要性,特別是在進行假設檢驗時。它幫助研究者確定結果是否具有統計學上的意義。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

這項研究的統計顯著性指標顯示結果是可靠的。

The statistical significance measure for this study indicates that the results are reliable.

例句 2:

使用統計顯著性指標來評估數據的有效性是必要的。

It is necessary to use statistical significance measures to assess the validity of the data.

例句 3:

當統計顯著性指標達到預設標準時,我們可以得出結論。

When the statistical significance measure meets the preset criteria, we can draw a conclusion.