MHC的意思、翻譯和例句

是什麼意思

「MHC」是「主要組織相容性複合體」的縮寫,這是一組位於細胞表面的蛋白質,負責在免疫系統中呈現抗原,幫助識別和攻擊外來物質。MHC分為兩類:MHC I類和MHC II類,分別在不同的免疫反應中發揮作用。MHC的多樣性對於免疫系統的功能至關重要,因為它能夠識別和記憶多種病原體。

依照不同程度的英文解釋

  1. A set of proteins on cell surfaces.
  2. Proteins that help the body recognize invaders.
  3. Proteins that show parts of germs to immune cells.
  4. A group of proteins that help the immune system identify foreign substances.
  5. Proteins that present antigens to T-cells in the immune response.
  6. A complex of proteins that plays a crucial role in the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self.
  7. A key component in immune recognition and response, influencing transplant compatibility.
  8. A molecular complex essential for the adaptive immune response, facilitating antigen presentation.
  9. A critical determinant of immune cell interactions and the basis of tissue compatibility in transplantation.
  10. A vital component of the immune system that presents antigens and is essential for immune recognition.

相關英文單字或片語的差別與用法

1:MHC Class I

用法:

這類MHC主要存在於所有有核細胞的表面,負責呈現內源性抗原,通常是來自細胞內的病原體,如病毒。當這些抗原被MHC I類分子展示時,會被CD8+ T細胞識別,這是細胞毒性T細胞的一種,能夠直接殺死被感染的細胞。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

MHC I類分子在病毒感染時發揮重要作用。

MHC Class I molecules play a crucial role during viral infections.

例句 2:

這些細胞的MHC I類型需要正確匹配以進行移植。

The MHC Class I type of these cells needs to match correctly for transplantation.

例句 3:

研究顯示MHC I類的多樣性對於免疫反應至關重要。

Research shows that the diversity of MHC Class I is crucial for immune responses.

2:MHC Class II

用法:

這類MHC主要存在於專業的抗原呈現細胞(如樹突細胞、巨噬細胞和B細胞)上,負責呈現外源性抗原,這些抗原通常來自細胞外的病原體。MHC II類分子與CD4+ T細胞結合,啟動免疫反應並協調其他免疫細胞的活動。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

MHC II類分子對於啟動免疫系統至關重要。

MHC Class II molecules are essential for initiating the immune system.

例句 2:

專業抗原呈現細胞會利用MHC II類來刺激T細胞。

Professional antigen-presenting cells use MHC Class II to stimulate T cells.

例句 3:

MHC II類的多樣性影響免疫系統的有效性。

The diversity of MHC Class II affects the effectiveness of the immune system.

3:Antigen-presenting cell

用法:

這是一種專門的免疫細胞,能夠捕捉、處理並展示抗原給T細胞。這些細胞包括樹突細胞、巨噬細胞和B細胞,對於啟動適應性免疫反應至關重要。它們通過MHC II類分子展示外源性抗原,並通過MHC I類分子展示內源性抗原。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

樹突細胞是最有效的抗原呈現細胞之一。

Dendritic cells are one of the most effective antigen-presenting cells.

例句 2:

抗原呈現細胞在免疫系統中扮演著關鍵角色。

Antigen-presenting cells play a critical role in the immune system.

例句 3:

這些細胞透過MHC分子啟動T細胞反應。

These cells activate T cell responses through MHC molecules.

4:Immune response

用法:

這是身體對於外來病原體的反應,包括識別、攻擊和清除感染。MHC在這一過程中起著關鍵作用,因為它們幫助免疫系統識別和記憶病原體。免疫反應可以是先天性或適應性的,涉及多種細胞和分子。

例句及翻譯:

例句 1:

免疫反應是身體防禦外來病原的主要機制。

The immune response is the body's main mechanism for defending against foreign pathogens.

例句 2:

MHC在免疫反應中負責呈現抗原。

MHC is responsible for presenting antigens in the immune response.

例句 3:

適應性免疫反應需要MHC的參與。

The adaptive immune response requires the involvement of MHC.